CVE-2024-12551

High

Published: 11 February 2025

Published

11 February 2025

Modified

18 February 2025

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS Score 0.0025 48.5th percentile

Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2024-12551 is a high-severity Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125) vulnerability in Tungstenautomation Power Pdf. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, ranked at the 48.5th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match

prevent

Requires identification, reporting, and correction of the specific out-of-bounds read flaw in JP2 parsing via timely patching.

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match

prevent

Mandates validation of user-supplied data in JP2 files to prevent reads past allocated object boundaries.

SI-16 Memory Protection partial match

prevent

Implements memory safeguards like DEP and ASLR to mitigate exploitation of the out-of-bounds read to arbitrary code execution.

NVD Description

Tungsten Automation Power PDF JP2 File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Tungsten Automation Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that…

the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of JP2 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25567.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2024-12551 is an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the JP2 file parsing component of Tungsten Automation Power PDF. The flaw stems from a lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, resulting in a read access past the end of an allocated object. This issue enables remote code execution on affected installations and was originally tracked as ZDI-CAN-25567.

Remote attackers can exploit the vulnerability by tricking a target user into visiting a malicious web page or opening a malicious JP2 file, as user interaction is required. No privileges are needed (PR:N), and exploitation has low complexity (AC:L). Successful attacks allow arbitrary code execution in the context of the Power PDF process, with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). The vulnerability is categorized under CWE-125.

The Zero Day Initiative published advisory ZDI-24-1677, which provides further details on the vulnerability, available at https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1677/.