CVE-2025-1946
Published: 04 March 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-1946 is a medium-severity Injection (CWE-74) vulnerability in Hzmanyun Education And Training System. Its CVSS base score is 6.3 (Medium).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 13.1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).
Threat & Defense at a Glance
Threat & Defense Details
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI
Directly validates the 'id' argument in the exportPDF function to block command injection payloads from being executed.
Requires monitoring and timely remediation of flaws like this command injection vulnerability through patching or updates.
Enforces least privilege on the application process to limit the impact and scope of any successful command injection.
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Command injection in a web app endpoint directly enables exploitation of public-facing applications (T1190) and arbitrary command execution via interpreters (T1059).
NVD Description
A vulnerability was found in hzmanyun Education and Training System 2.1. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function exportPDF of the file /user/exportPDF. The manipulation of the argument id leads to command injection. The…
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attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Deeper analysisAI
CVE-2025-1946 is a command injection vulnerability in the hzmanyun Education and Training System version 2.1. The issue resides in the exportPDF function of the /user/exportPDF file, where manipulation of the 'id' argument enables command injection. Rated with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L) and associated with CWEs-74 and CWE-77, it was published on 2025-03-04.
The vulnerability allows remote exploitation by an authenticated attacker with low privileges, requiring low attack complexity and no user interaction. Successful exploitation enables command injection, resulting in limited impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
Advisories and further details are documented in references such as the GitHub report at https://github.com/heiheixz/report/blob/main/nxb_1.md and VulDB entries at https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.298520, https://vuldb.com/?id.298520, and https://vuldb.com/?submit.506657. The exploit has been publicly disclosed.
Details
- CWE(s)