CVE-2025-21332
Microsoft Windows 10 1507 ≤ 10.0.10240.20890
Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:NSummary
CVE-2025-21332 is a medium-severity Improper Resolution of Path Equivalence (CWE-41) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1507. Its CVSS base score is 4.3 (Medium).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Data from Local System (T1005); ranked in the top 29% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and AC-3 (Access Enforcement) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
CVE-2025-21332 is a MapUrlToZone Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability, published on 2025-01-14. It affects Microsoft software components managed under the Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC). The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N) and is linked to CWE-41, with additional NVD-CWE-noinfo classification.
An unauthenticated network-based attacker can exploit this vulnerability by leveraging low-complexity techniques that require user interaction, such as clicking a specially crafted link. Successful exploitation enables the attacker to bypass the MapUrlToZone security feature, resulting in low-impact confidentiality disclosure without affecting integrity or availability.
Microsoft's advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21332 provides details on mitigation, including available patches and update guidance for affected systems.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-2397
Vulnerability Data
MapUrlToZone Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Input validation of file paths directly rejects or normalizes the special-character manipulations that create equivalent names.
Proper enforcement of file access authorizations structurally blocks disclosure when equivalent paths are presented.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Secure coding standards directly require canonical path resolution and input sanitization to prevent equivalence attacks.
Security testing can detect path-equivalence flaws before release, partially fulfilling the control.
Secure development lifecycle includes path-handling requirements that reduce equivalence-based disclosure.
Application security requirements can mandate canonicalization and input validation to block path equivalence.
Secure architecture principles call for safe file-system abstractions that mitigate path traversal risks.
Information access restriction limits what files can be reached, indirectly reducing impact of path-equivalence exploits.