Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-2148

Memory Safety in Linuxfoundation Pytorch 2.6.0

Published
10 March 2025
Modified
24 February 2026
CVSS Score v4 2.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0043 35th percentile
Risk Priority 15 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-2148 is a low-severity Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer (CWE-119) vulnerability in Linuxfoundation Pytorch. Its CVSS base score is 2.3 (Low).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Process Injection (T1055); ranked at the 35th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as Deep Learning Frameworks; in the Other ATLAS/OWASP Terms risk domain.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-8 (Security and Privacy Engineering Principles) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-2148 is a critical vulnerability in PyTorch version 2.6.0+cu124, affecting the function torch.ops.profiler._call_end_callbacks_on_jit_fut within the Tuple Handler component. The issue stems from manipulation of the argument None, resulting in memory corruption classified under CWE-119 (Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer). It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.0 (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L) and was published on 2025-03-10.

Remote attackers with no privileges can exploit this vulnerability, though it requires high attack complexity and user interaction. Successful exploitation leads to limited impacts, including low confidentiality, integrity, and availability effects through memory corruption.

Advisories and further details are available in the referenced sources, including PyTorch GitHub issues at https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/147722 and VulDB entries at https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.299059, https://vuldb.com/?id.299059, and https://vuldb.com/?submit.505959, which security practitioners should consult for patch information and mitigation guidance.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A vulnerability was found in PyTorch 2.6.0+cu124. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function torch.ops.profiler._call_end_callbacks_on_jit_fut of the component Tuple Handler. The manipulation of the argument None leads to memory corruption. The attack can be…

more

launched remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult.

CWE(s)

AI Security AnalysisAI

AI Category
Deep Learning Frameworks
Risk Domain
Other ATLAS/OWASP Terms
OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
None mapped
Classification Reason
Matched keywords: pytorch

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1055 Process Injection Stealth
Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.
T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-3121Same product: Linuxfoundation Pytorch
CVE-2025-3001Same product: Linuxfoundation Pytorch
CVE-2025-2998Same product: Linuxfoundation Pytorch
CVE-2025-3000Same product: Linuxfoundation Pytorch
CVE-2025-2999Same product: Linuxfoundation Pytorch
CVE-2025-3136Same product: Linuxfoundation Pytorch
CVE-2024-31583Same product: Linuxfoundation Pytorch
CVE-2025-55552Same product: Linuxfoundation Pytorch
CVE-2024-31580Same product: Linuxfoundation Pytorch
CVE-2024-31584Same product: Linuxfoundation Pytorch

Affected Assets

linuxfoundation
pytorch
2.6.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V17.3.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Secure engineering principles require memory-safe design and coding that structurally avoids buffer-boundary violations.

Input validation directly enforces bounds checking that stops out-of-bounds reads/writes from being introduced or reached.

Memory protection restricts exploitation impact of buffer overflows without eliminating the underlying coding flaw.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices (bounds checking, safe APIs, reviews) directly prevent this class of flaw.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning and code analysis directly surface buffer-boundary flaws.

ID.RA-08 partial match
prevents

Receiving and triaging vulnerability disclosures commonly includes buffer-related reports.

PR.AT-02 partial match
prevents

Developer training on secure coding reduces introduction of memory-buffer errors.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching replaces vulnerable code containing buffer-boundary defects.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development catches out-of-bounds accesses before release, covering most instances of the weakness.

prevents

Secure development lifecycle mandates memory-safety practices that directly prevent buffer-boundary violations.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify memory-safety rules, but do not prescribe implementation details.

prevents

Secure architecture and engineering principles include memory-safe design patterns that mitigate buffer overflows.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly forbid unsafe buffer operations, directly eliminating CWE-119.

References