CVE-2025-23456
Published: 16 January 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-23456 is a high-severity CSRF (CWE-352) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 28.0th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SC-23 (Session Authenticity) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).
Threat & Defense at a Glance
Threat & Defense Details
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI
SC-23 enforces mechanisms to protect communications session authenticity, directly mitigating CSRF by preventing forged requests from exploiting valid authenticated sessions in the EmailShroud plugin.
SI-10 requires validation of information inputs like CSRF tokens, preventing unauthorized forged requests that could trigger reflected XSS in the vulnerable WordPress plugin.
SI-15 filters information outputs to block reflected XSS payloads delivered via the CSRF vulnerability in EmailShroud.
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
The CSRF to reflected XSS vulnerability in a public-facing WordPress plugin directly enables exploitation of public-facing applications (T1190). The reflected XSS payload allows an attacker to inject and execute arbitrary JavaScript in the victim's browser context (T1059.007).
NVD Description
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Oddthinking EmailShroud emailshroud allows Reflected XSS.This issue affects EmailShroud: from n/a through <= 2.2.1.
Deeper analysisAI
CVE-2025-23456 is a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the Oddthinking EmailShroud WordPress plugin that allows Reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS). This issue affects EmailShroud versions from n/a through <= 2.2.1 and is associated with CWE-352.
The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L). Any network-based attacker without privileges can exploit it by tricking an authenticated user into performing an unintended action via a forged request, requiring user interaction such as clicking a malicious link. Successful exploitation enables reflected XSS, resulting in low impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability with a changed scope.
The Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/emailshroud/vulnerability/wordpress-emailshroud-plugin-2-2-1-csrf-to-reflected-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve provides further details on the vulnerability.
Details
- CWE(s)