Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-23976

High

Published: 31 January 2025

Published
31 January 2025
Modified
23 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0015 35.5th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-23976 is a high-severity CSRF (CWE-352) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 35.5th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SC-23 (Session Authenticity) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-23976 is a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the Issuu Panel WordPress plugin (issuu-panel) that enables Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS). This issue affects all versions of the plugin from unknown initial release through 2.1.1 and is associated with CWE-352.

The vulnerability can be exploited by unauthenticated remote attackers (AV:N/PR:N) who trick authenticated users into performing unintended actions via malicious web requests, requiring user interaction (UI:R/AC:L). Exploitation leads to the storage of XSS payloads, resulting in low impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:L/I:L/A:L) with a changed scope (S:C), yielding a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1.

Mitigation details are available in the Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/issuu-panel/vulnerability/wordpress-issuu-panel-plugin-2-1-1-csrf-to-stored-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in operationsissuu Issuu Panel issuu-panel allows Stored XSS.This issue affects Issuu Panel: from n/a through <= 2.1.1.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1059.007 JavaScript Execution
Adversaries may abuse various implementations of JavaScript for execution.
Why these techniques?

CSRF to stored XSS in public-facing WordPress plugin enables T1190 (exploit public-facing app) and facilitates T1059.007 (JavaScript execution via injected XSS payload).

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-28931Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-23980Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-23710Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-23822Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-25128Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-31616Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-23483Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-23817Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-23446Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-23664Shared CWE-352

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

SC-23 enforces session authenticity mechanisms such as CSRF tokens, directly preventing unauthenticated attackers from tricking authenticated users into storing XSS payloads via forged requests in the Issuu Panel plugin.

prevent

SI-10 requires validation of all inputs to the system, blocking malicious XSS payloads from being accepted and stored through the CSRF vulnerability in Issuu Panel.

prevent

SI-15 mandates filtering and sanitization of outputs, preventing execution of any stored XSS payloads resulting from the CSRF exploitation in the Issuu Panel plugin.

References