CVE-2025-49676
Published: 08 July 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-49676 is a high-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2008. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation of Remote Services (T1210); ranked in the top 29.3% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).
Threat & Defense at a Glance
Threat & Defense Details
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI
SI-2 requires timely identification, reporting, and remediation of flaws such as the heap buffer overflow in RRAS, directly addressing the vulnerability through patching as recommended by Microsoft.
SI-16 implements memory protections like ASLR, DEP, and heap hardening that minimize the exploitability of heap-based buffer overflows leading to arbitrary code execution.
CM-7 enforces least functionality by prohibiting or restricting nonessential services like RRAS, reducing the attack surface for network-accessible vulnerabilities.
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Heap buffer overflow in RRAS enables unauthenticated remote code execution via exploitation of the remote access service.
NVD Description
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Deeper analysisAI
CVE-2025-49676 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability (CWE-122) in the Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS). Published on 2025-07-08, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), reflecting its high severity due to network accessibility, low attack complexity, and potential for significant impact.
An unauthorized attacker can exploit this vulnerability over a network without requiring privileges, though it necessitates user interaction. Successful exploitation enables arbitrary code execution on the target system.
The Microsoft Security Response Center advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-49676 provides details on mitigation, including available patches and recommended actions.
Details
- CWE(s)