Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-49757

High

Published: 12 August 2025

Published
12 August 2025
Modified
19 August 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0113 78.7th percentile
Risk Priority 18 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-49757 is a high-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2008. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation of Remote Services (T1210); ranked in the top 21.3% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-49757 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability, tracked under CWE-122, that affects the Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS). The flaw carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 8.8 and was published on 12 August 2025.

An unauthorized attacker can exploit the issue over a network with no privileges required and only user interaction needed, resulting in arbitrary code execution that impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

The associated Microsoft Security Response Center advisory is available at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-49757. The EPSS score remains low and flat at 0.0113 with no observed rise after disclosure.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
Why these techniques?

Heap buffer overflow in RRAS service directly enables remote code execution over the network without authentication.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-49676Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2008
CVE-2025-48824Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2008
CVE-2025-49729Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2008
CVE-2025-49657Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2008
CVE-2025-54113Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2008
CVE-2025-49672Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2008
CVE-2025-49668Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2008
CVE-2025-49753Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2008
CVE-2025-49674Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2008
CVE-2025-49663Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Affected Assets

microsoft
windows server 2008
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2016
≤ 10.0.14393.8246
microsoft
windows server 2019
≤ 10.0.17763.7558
microsoft
windows server 2022
≤ 10.0.20348.3932
microsoft
windows server 2022 23h2
≤ 10.0.25398.1732
microsoft
windows server 2025
≤ 10.0.26100.4652

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly remediates the heap-based buffer overflow in Windows RRAS by requiring timely installation of vendor patches as specified in Microsoft's advisory.

prevent

Implements memory protection safeguards such as DEP and ASLR that directly mitigate heap-based buffer overflow exploits leading to remote code execution.

prevent

Requires validation of network inputs to RRAS to prevent malformed data from triggering the heap buffer overflow vulnerability.

References