Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-8978

MediumPublic PoC

Published: 14 August 2025

Published
14 August 2025
Modified
12 September 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 6.6 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0052 67.0th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-8978 is a medium-severity Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity (CWE-345) vulnerability in Dlink Dir-619L Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 6.6 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 33.0% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 2 other techniques.
Threat & Defense Details

Likely Mitigating ControlsAI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-345

Directly requires independent verification of matching output before adverse decisions, mitigating insufficient authenticity checks on data from external sources.

addresses: CWE-345

Use of approved PKI certificates provides verifiable data authenticity and origin for communications and artifacts.

addresses: CWE-345

Mandates provision of authenticity and integrity artifacts that enable verification of name/address resolution data.

addresses: CWE-345

Requires explicit verification of data authenticity from authoritative sources, preventing acceptance of unauthenticated resolution responses.

addresses: CWE-345

Control requires verification of data authenticity/integrity (e.g., checksums) after aggregation/packing, directly reducing exploitation of insufficient verification before transmission.

addresses: CWE-345

Time synchronization supports reliable freshness verification when checking data authenticity across systems or components.

addresses: CWE-345

Mandates verification of data authenticity for software, firmware, and information.

addresses: CWE-345

Provenance documentation and monitoring directly enables verification of authenticity for components and data throughout their history.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation Impact
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.
T1542.001 System Firmware Stealth
Adversaries may modify system firmware to persist on systems.
Why these techniques?

The vulnerability in the FirmwareUpgrade function allows remote authenticated attackers to bypass data authenticity checks and upload tampered firmware, enabling exploitation of a public-facing web application (T1190), denial of service via bad firmware (T1499.004), and persistent arbitrary code execution by modifying system firmware (T1542.001).

NVD Description

A vulnerability was determined in D-Link DIR-619L 6.02CN02. Affected is the function FirmwareUpgrade of the component boa. The manipulation leads to insufficient verification of data authenticity. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The complexity of an attack is…

more

rather high. The exploitability is told to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-8978 is a vulnerability in the D-Link DIR-619L router running firmware version 6.02CN02, specifically affecting the FirmwareUpgrade function of the boa component. The issue stems from insufficient verification of data authenticity (CWE-345), which allows manipulation of firmware upgrade processes. Published on 2025-08-14, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.6 (AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

The vulnerability enables remote exploitation by attackers who possess high privileges (PR:H), though the attack requires high complexity and is considered difficult to execute. Successful exploitation can result in high impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability, potentially allowing attackers to compromise the device's firmware integrity.

Advisories note that the vulnerability only affects products no longer supported by the maintainer, with no patches available from D-Link. Mitigation details are documented in VulDB entries (ctiid.319974, id.319974, submit.628599) and a GitHub repository detailing the DIR-619L firmware update issue. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be used.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

dlink
dir-619l firmware
6.02cn02

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-55611Same product: Dlink Dir-619L
CVE-2025-55599Same product: Dlink Dir-619L
CVE-2025-55602Same product: Dlink Dir-619L
CVE-2026-2055Same product: Dlink Dir-619L
CVE-2026-2054Same product: Dlink Dir-619L
CVE-2026-2056Same product: Dlink Dir-619L
CVE-2025-12295Same vendor: Dlink
CVE-2025-50672Same vendor: Dlink
CVE-2025-50653Same vendor: Dlink
CVE-2025-70251Same vendor: Dlink

References