CVE-2026-1477
Published: 27 January 2026
Summary
CVE-2026-1477 is a critical-severity SQL Injection (CWE-89) vulnerability in Quatuor Evaluacion De Desempeno. Its CVSS base score is 9.3 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 24.4th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).
Deeper analysis
CVE-2026-1477 is an out-of-band SQL injection (OOB SQLi) vulnerability, classified under CWE-89, in the Performance Evaluation (EDD) application developed by Gabinete Técnico de Programación. The issue affects the parameters 'Id_usuario' and 'Id_evaluacion' in the '/evaluacion_competencias_evalua_old.aspx' endpoint. It enables attackers to extract sensitive information from the database through external channels without the application directly returning the data, thereby compromising the confidentiality of stored data. The vulnerability was published on 2026-01-27 and has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).
Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability over the network with low complexity and no user interaction required. By injecting malicious payloads into the vulnerable parameters, attackers can trigger out-of-band data exfiltration, allowing them to retrieve sensitive database contents indirectly via attacker-controlled external channels, such as DNS or HTTP requests.
Mitigation guidance is available in the INCIBE-CERT advisory at https://www.incibe.es/en/incibe-cert/notices/aviso/out-band-sql-injection-quatuor-performance-evaluation.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2026-4749
- 🇪🇸 INCIBE: www.incibe.es
Vulnerability details
An out-of-band SQL injection vulnerability (OOB SQLi) has been detected in the Performance Evaluation (EDD) application developed by Gabinete Técnico de Programación. Exploiting this vulnerability in the parameter 'Id_usuario' and 'Id_evaluacion’ in ‘/evaluacion_competencias_evalua_old.aspx’, could allow an attacker to extract sensitive…
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information from the database through external channels, without the affected application returning the data directly, compromising the confidentiality of the stored information.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
OOB SQL injection in unauthenticated public-facing web endpoint directly enables remote exploitation for initial access and indirect database data exfiltration.
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Directly prevents SQL injection exploitation by validating and sanitizing inputs to vulnerable parameters 'Id_usuario' and 'Id_evaluacion', blocking malicious payloads from reaching the database.
Requires identification, reporting, and correction of the specific out-of-band SQL injection flaw in the EDD application's endpoint, eliminating the vulnerability.
Limits or blocks unauthorized out-of-band channels like DNS or HTTP used for data exfiltration in this OOB SQLi attack, reducing the impact of successful injections.