Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-21302

High

Published: 14 January 2025

Published
14 January 2025
Modified
24 January 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0167 82.5th percentile
Risk Priority 19 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-21302 is a high-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1507. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203); ranked in the top 17.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

The vulnerability CVE-2025-21302 is a remote code execution flaw affecting the Windows Telephony Service and is tracked under CWE-122. It received a CVSS 3.1 score of 8.8 and was published on January 14, 2025.

An attacker can exploit the issue over a network with low attack complexity, no authentication, and only user interaction required, resulting in full impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the target system.

Microsoft has published an advisory containing mitigation details at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21302. The associated EPSS score remains flat at 0.0167 with no material rise observed.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Windows Telephony Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
Why these techniques?

The CVE is a remote code execution vulnerability in Windows Telephony Service with AV:N, PR:N, and UI:R, directly enabling exploitation for client execution (T1203) and facilitating arbitrary command/script execution (T1059) upon successful exploitation.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-21339Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21407Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21371Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21233Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21240Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21303Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21409Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21266Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-59295Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21190Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507

Affected Assets

microsoft
windows 10 1507
≤ 10.0.10240.20890 · ≤ 10.0.10240.20890
microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.7699 · ≤ 10.0.14393.7699
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.6775 · ≤ 10.0.17763.6775
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.5371
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.5371
microsoft
windows 11 22h2
≤ 10.0.22621.4751
microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.4751
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.2894
microsoft
windows server 2008
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions, r2
+5 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly remediates the remote code execution vulnerability in Windows Telephony Service by applying timely vendor patches as published by Microsoft.

prevent

Provides memory protection mechanisms like DEP and ASLR that defend against heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) exploitation in the telephony service.

prevent

Enforces input validation for data processed by the Windows Telephony Service, mitigating buffer overflow conditions triggered by unauthenticated remote inputs requiring user interaction.

References