CVE-2025-21417
Published: 14 January 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-21417 is a high-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1507. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation of Remote Services (T1210); ranked in the top 9.1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).
Threat & Defense at a Glance
Threat & Defense Details
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI
Directly mandates timely identification, reporting, and remediation of flaws such as the heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Telephony Service via patching.
Implements memory protections like address space layout randomization and data execution prevention to mitigate exploitation of heap-based buffer overflows.
Requires validation of information inputs to prevent buffer overflows from malformed network data targeting the Windows Telephony Service.
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
The remote code execution vulnerability in the network-accessible Windows Telephony Service directly maps to Exploitation of Remote Services (T1210); the resulting arbitrary code execution facilitates Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059).
NVD Description
Windows Telephony Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Deeper analysisAI
CVE-2025-21417 is a remote code execution vulnerability in the Windows Telephony Service. Published on 2025-01-14, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and is associated with CWE-122 (Heap-based Buffer Overflow) along with NVD-CWE-noinfo.
The vulnerability can be exploited by a remote unauthenticated attacker over the network with low attack complexity, though it requires user interaction. Successful exploitation enables the attacker to achieve high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, resulting in remote code execution on the targeted system.
The Microsoft Security Response Center advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21417 provides details on mitigation, including available patches and update guidance for affected Windows systems.
Details
- CWE(s)