Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-24051

High

Published: 11 March 2025

Published
11 March 2025
Modified
02 July 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0032 54.9th percentile
Risk Priority 18 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-24051 is a high-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2008. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation of Remote Services (T1210); ranked in the top 45.1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploitation of Remote Services (T1210). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Requires timely remediation of the specific heap-based buffer overflow flaw in Windows RRAS through patching.

prevent

Deploys memory protection mechanisms such as ASLR, DEP, and heap safeguards to block exploitation of the heap buffer overflow.

prevent

Mandates input validation and restriction for network inputs to RRAS to prevent buffer overflows from malformed data.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
Why these techniques?

The CVE describes a remote code execution vulnerability in the Windows RRAS service exploitable over the network with no privileges required, directly enabling T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-24051 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability (CWE-122) in the Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS). Published on March 11, 2025, it has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to its potential for remote code execution.

An unauthorized attacker can exploit this vulnerability over a network with low complexity and no required privileges, though it necessitates user interaction. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to achieve high-impact confidentiality, integrity, and availability violations, including arbitrary code execution on the target system.

Microsoft's update guide at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-24051 provides details on mitigation and available patches for addressing this issue in affected Windows systems.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

microsoft
windows 10 1507
≤ 10.0.10240.20947
microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.7876 · ≤ 10.0.14393.7876
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.7009 · ≤ 10.0.17763.7009
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.5608
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.5608
microsoft
windows 11 22h2
≤ 10.0.22621.5039
microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.5039
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.3403 · 10.0.26100.3403 — 10.0.26100.3476
microsoft
windows server 2008
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2012
r2 · ≤ 6.2.9200.25368
+5 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-21223Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
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CVE-2025-21306Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21286Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21250Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21252Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21248Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21417Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507

References