CVE-2025-21286
Published: 14 January 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-21286 is a high-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1507. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation of Remote Services (T1210); ranked in the top 12.7% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 CM-7 (Least Functionality) and SI-16 (Memory Protection).
Threat & Defense at a Glance
Threat & Defense Details
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI
Directly mitigates the vulnerability by requiring timely remediation through patching the specific flaw in Windows Telephony Service.
Implements memory protections like DEP and ASLR that comprehensively counter remote code execution via buffer overflows (CWE-122) in the service.
Enforces least functionality by disabling unnecessary Windows Telephony Service, eliminating the attack surface for remote exploitation.
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
RCE vulnerability in Windows Telephony Service exploitable remotely over the network directly enables T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services.
NVD Description
Windows Telephony Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Deeper analysisAI
CVE-2025-21286 is a Remote Code Execution Vulnerability in the Windows Telephony Service. Published on 2025-01-14, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and is linked to CWE-122, with additional NVD-CWE-noinfo classification.
Attackers can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the network with low complexity and no required privileges, though user interaction is necessary. Successful exploitation enables high-impact effects on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, allowing remote code execution on affected Windows systems.
Microsoft's Security Response Center provides mitigation details in its update guide at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21286.
Details
- CWE(s)