Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-21252

High

Published: 14 January 2025

Published
14 January 2025
Modified
24 January 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0165 82.2th percentile
Risk Priority 19 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-21252 is a high-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1507. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation of Remote Services (T1210); ranked in the top 17.8% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploitation of Remote Services (T1210). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Timely remediation of identified flaws, including applying Microsoft patches for CVE-2025-21252, directly eliminates the buffer overflow vulnerability in Windows Telephony Service.

prevent

Memory protection mechanisms such as DEP, ASLR, and stack canaries directly mitigate exploitation of the stack-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) leading to remote code execution.

preventdetect

Malicious code protection scans for and blocks exploit payloads that attempt arbitrary code execution via the Windows Telephony Service vulnerability.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
Why these techniques?

RCE in Windows Telephony Service with network vector directly enables exploitation of remote services for code execution.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Windows Telephony Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-21252 is a Remote Code Execution vulnerability in the Windows Telephony Service. Published on 2025-01-14, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and is linked to CWE-122, with additional NVD-CWE-noinfo classification.

The vulnerability can be exploited by a remote unauthenticated attacker over the network with low attack complexity, though it requires user interaction. Successful exploitation enables high-impact effects on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, allowing arbitrary code execution on the targeted Windows system.

Mitigation details are available in the Microsoft Security Response Center update guide at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21252.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

microsoft
windows 10 1507
≤ 10.0.10240.20890 · ≤ 10.0.10240.20890
microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.7699 · ≤ 10.0.14393.7699
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.6775 · ≤ 10.0.17763.6775
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.5371
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.5371
microsoft
windows 11 22h2
≤ 10.0.22621.4751
microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.4751
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.2894
microsoft
windows server 2008
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions, r2
+5 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-21223Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21236Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21200Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-24051Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21282Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21306Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21286Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21250Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21248Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21417Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507

References