Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-21252

High

Published: 14 January 2025

Published
14 January 2025
Modified
24 January 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0225 85.0th percentile
Risk Priority 19 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-21252 is a high-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1507. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation of Remote Services (T1210); ranked in the top 15.0% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

The vulnerability CVE-2025-21252 is a remote code execution flaw affecting the Windows Telephony Service and is tracked under CWE-122. It received a CVSS 3.1 score of 8.8 reflecting network attack vector, low complexity, no required privileges, and required user interaction.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can trigger the flaw over the network to execute arbitrary code, resulting in full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the affected system.

Microsoft published an advisory for the issue at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21252. The associated EPSS score has remained flat at 0.0225 with no material rise from its initial value.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Windows Telephony Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
Why these techniques?

RCE in Windows Telephony Service with network vector directly enables exploitation of remote services for code execution.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-21250Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21282Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21200Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21306Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21236Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-24051Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21286Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21223Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21248Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-47981Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507

Affected Assets

microsoft
windows 10 1507
≤ 10.0.10240.20890 · ≤ 10.0.10240.20890
microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.7699 · ≤ 10.0.14393.7699
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.6775 · ≤ 10.0.17763.6775
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.5371
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.5371
microsoft
windows 11 22h2
≤ 10.0.22621.4751
microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.4751
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.2894
microsoft
windows server 2008
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions, r2
+5 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Timely remediation of identified flaws, including applying Microsoft patches for CVE-2025-21252, directly eliminates the buffer overflow vulnerability in Windows Telephony Service.

prevent

Memory protection mechanisms such as DEP, ASLR, and stack canaries directly mitigate exploitation of the stack-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) leading to remote code execution.

preventdetect

Malicious code protection scans for and blocks exploit payloads that attempt arbitrary code execution via the Windows Telephony Service vulnerability.

References