CVE-2025-21236
Published: 14 January 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-21236 is a high-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1507. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation of Remote Services (T1210); ranked in the top 28.6% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 CM-7 (Least Functionality) and SI-16 (Memory Protection).
Threat & Defense at a Glance
Threat & Defense Details
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI
Directly remediates the RCE vulnerability in Windows Telephony Service through timely identification, reporting, and patching of known flaws.
Implements memory protections like ASLR and DEP that thwart exploitation of the heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) leading to arbitrary code execution.
Enforces least functionality by disabling or restricting the non-essential Windows Telephony Service, eliminating the attack surface for remote exploitation.
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
RCE in remotely accessible Windows Telephony Service directly matches exploitation of remote services for code execution.
NVD Description
Windows Telephony Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Deeper analysisAI
CVE-2025-21236 is a Remote Code Execution vulnerability in the Windows Telephony Service. Published on 2025-01-14T18:15:36.667, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and is associated with CWE-122 and NVD-CWE-noinfo.
The vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network by unauthenticated attackers with low complexity, though it requires user interaction. Successful exploitation enables high-impact consequences, including unauthorized access to confidential data, modification of system integrity, and disruption of availability through arbitrary code execution.
Mitigation guidance is available in the Microsoft Security Response Center advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21236.
Details
- CWE(s)