Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-28925

High

Published: 11 March 2025

Published
11 March 2025
Modified
23 April 2026
KEV Added
—
Patch
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CVSS Score v3.1 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0008 24.0th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-28925 is a high-severity CSRF (CWE-352) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 24.0th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SC-23 (Session Authenticity) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-28925 is a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability, classified under CWE-352, in the WordPress plugin WATI Chat and Notification (wati-chat-and-notification) by Hieu Nguyen. The flaw enables Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and affects all versions from n/a through 1.1.2.

Attackers can exploit this vulnerability over the network (AV:N) with low attack complexity (AC:L), requiring no privileges (PR:N) but user interaction (UI:R), resulting in a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1. With changed scope (S:C), exploitation allows low impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:L/I:L/A:L), typically by tricking authenticated users—such as administrators—into submitting malicious requests that store XSS payloads for execution in other users' browsers.

The Patchstack advisory provides further details on this CSRF-to-Stored XSS issue in WATI Chat and Notification version 1.1.2, available at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wati-chat-and-notification/vulnerability/wordpress-wati-chat-and-notification-plugin-1-1-2-csrf-to-stored-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Hieu Nguyen WATI Chat and Notification wati-chat-and-notification allows Stored XSS.This issue affects WATI Chat and Notification: from n/a through <= 1.1.2.

CWE(s)
CWE-352

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1204.001 Malicious Link Execution
An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to gain execution.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

The CSRF-to-stored-XSS vulnerability in the public-facing WordPress plugin directly enables exploitation of the application over the network (T1190) and involves tricking authenticated users via malicious links to trigger the forged requests (T1204.001).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-25121Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-24001Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-25147Shared CWE-352
CVE-2026-34904Shared CWE-352
CVE-2024-26153Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-28860Shared CWE-352
CVE-2026-45430Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-23880Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-59541Shared CWE-352
CVE-2026-23622Shared CWE-352

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match
prevent

Directly remediates the specific CSRF-to-Stored XSS flaw in the WATI Chat and Notification WordPress plugin by identifying, patching, and updating vulnerable versions up to 1.1.2.

SC-23 Session Authenticity good match
prevent

Enforces session authenticity mechanisms such as CSRF tokens to prevent unauthorized requests that store malicious XSS payloads in the plugin.

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match
prevent

Validates and sanitizes user inputs to block malicious XSS scripts from being accepted and stored via the CSRF vulnerability.

References