CVE-2025-47998
Published: 08 July 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-47998 is a high-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2008. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 25.4% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-16 (Memory Protection).
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-47998 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS), published on 2025-07-08. The issue, tied to CWEs-122, CWE-190, and CWE-787, allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network, earning a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
An unauthorized attacker with network access can exploit this vulnerability by tricking a user into performing an action that triggers the buffer overflow in RRAS, such as interacting with a maliciously crafted network packet or resource. Successful exploitation enables remote code execution with the privileges of the RRAS service, potentially compromising confidentiality, integrity, and availability with high impact.
Mitigation details are available in the Microsoft Security Response Center advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-47998.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-20608
Vulnerability details
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Heap buffer overflow in RRAS service directly enables remote code execution over network (T1190 for public-facing remote access service; T1210 for exploitation of remote services).
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Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
SI-2 requires timely identification, reporting, and correction of flaws like this heap-based buffer overflow in RRAS, directly preventing exploitation via patching.
SI-16 implements memory protections such as heap canaries, ASLR, and DEP that directly mitigate heap-based buffer overflow exploits leading to code execution.
SI-10 enforces validation of network inputs to RRAS, preventing buffer overflows from maliciously crafted packets.