Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-9149

MediumPublic PoC

Published: 19 August 2025

Published
19 August 2025
Modified
29 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 6.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0127 79.6th percentile
Risk Priority 13 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-9149 is a medium-severity Injection (CWE-74) vulnerability in Wavlink Wl-Nu516U1 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 6.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 20.4% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique.
Threat & Defense Details

Likely Mitigating ControlsAI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-74

Developer assessments and testing (including injection-focused techniques) identify improper neutralization of special elements, and the verifiable flaw remediation corrects them pre-deployment.

addresses: CWE-74

Identifies indicators of injection attacks (command, SQL, LDAP, etc.) via anomaly and attack monitoring.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1202 Indirect Command Execution Stealth
Adversaries may abuse utilities that allow for command execution to bypass security restrictions that limit the use of command-line interpreters.
Why these techniques?

Remote command injection in the web CGI interface (/cgi-bin/wireless.cgi) via Guest_ssid enables exploitation of a public-facing application (T1190) and indirect command execution (T1202), as noted in advisories.

NVD Description

A vulnerability was determined in Wavlink WL-NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. This impacts the function sub_4032E4 of the file /cgi-bin/wireless.cgi. This manipulation of the argument Guest_ssid causes command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been publicly…

more

disclosed and may be utilized.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-9149 is a command injection vulnerability in the Wavlink WL-NU516U1 router running firmware version M16U1_V240425. The flaw affects the function sub_4032E4 in the file /cgi-bin/wireless.cgi, where manipulation of the Guest_ssid argument triggers command injection. Published on 2025-08-19, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L) and is linked to CWEs 74 and 77.

The vulnerability enables remote exploitation by an attacker possessing low privileges, with low attack complexity and no need for user interaction. Successful exploitation grants limited impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, allowing arbitrary command execution on the affected device.

Advisories and a proof-of-concept exploit are documented in references including https://github.com/lin-3-start/lin-cve/blob/main/Wavlink/Wavlink.md, its PoC section at https://github.com/lin-3-start/lin-cve/blob/main/Wavlink/Wavlink.md#poc, and VulDB entries at https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.320528, https://vuldb.com/?id.320528, and https://vuldb.com/?submit.629181. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

wavlink
wl-nu516u1 firmware
m16u1_v240425

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-10964Same product: Wavlink Wl-Nu516U1
CVE-2025-10959Same product: Wavlink Wl-Nu516U1
CVE-2025-10958Same product: Wavlink Wl-Nu516U1
CVE-2025-10960Same product: Wavlink Wl-Nu516U1
CVE-2025-10963Same product: Wavlink Wl-Nu516U1
CVE-2026-3661Same product: Wavlink Wl-Nu516U1
CVE-2026-3662Same product: Wavlink Wl-Nu516U1
CVE-2025-10962Same product: Wavlink Wl-Nu516U1
CVE-2026-3612Same product: Wavlink Wl-Nu516U1
CVE-2026-3704Same product: Wavlink Wl-Nu516U1

References