Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-25499

Path Traversal in Bpg Terraform Provider ≤ 0.93.1

Public PoCPath Traversal
Published
04 February 2026
Modified
11 February 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 8.7
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0043 36th percentile
Risk Priority 44 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-25499 is a high-severity Path Traversal (CWE-22) vulnerability in Bpg Terraform Provider. Its CVSS base score is 8.7 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Default Accounts (T1078.001); ranked at the 36th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and CM-2 (Baseline Configuration) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2026-25499 is a vulnerability in the bpg/terraform-provider-proxmox, a Terraform and OpenTofu provider that adds support for Proxmox Virtual Environment. In versions prior to 0.93.1, the SSH configuration documentation suggests an insecure sudoers line that allows directory traversal via "../" sequences, enabling the modification of arbitrary files on the affected system. Published on 2026-02-04, the issue is associated with CWE-22 (Path Traversal) and CWE-1188, and carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N), emphasizing high integrity impact.

Exploitation requires a Proxmox host configured with the recommended sudoers line from the vulnerable documentation, granting SSH access to an attacker as the specified user. With network access and no privileges, authentication, or user interaction needed, the attacker can escape the intended directory to edit any system files, potentially leading to unauthorized changes, misconfigurations, or further compromise of the Proxmox environment.

The vulnerability has been addressed in version 0.93.1 of the provider. GitHub security advisories (GHSA-gwch-7m8v-7544) and the patching commit (bd604c41a31e2a55dd6acc01b0608be3ea49c023) on the bpg/terraform-provider-proxmox repository detail the fix and recommend upgrading to the patched version while reviewing and correcting any deployed insecure sudoers configurations.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Terraform / OpenTofu Provider adds support for Proxmox Virtual Environment. Prior to version 0.93.1, in the SSH configuration documentation, the sudoer line suggested is insecure and can result in escaping the folder using ../, allowing any files on the system…

more

to be edited. This issue has been patched in version 0.93.1.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1078.001 Default Accounts Stealth
Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a default account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.
T1078 Valid Accounts Stealth
Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1133 External Remote Services Persistence
Adversaries may leverage external-facing remote services to initially access and/or persist within a network.
T1542.002 Component Firmware Stealth
Adversaries may modify component firmware to persist on systems.
T1556 Modify Authentication Process Defense Impairment
Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-54066Shared CWE-1188, CWE-22
CVE-2025-1863Shared CWE-1188
CVE-2024-41995Shared CWE-1188
CVE-2026-62185Shared CWE-1188
CVE-2025-7353Shared CWE-1188
CVE-2024-30124Shared CWE-1188
CVE-2025-56332Shared CWE-1188
CVE-2024-22388Shared CWE-1188
CVE-2018-25193Shared CWE-1188
CVE-2026-33376Shared CWE-1188

Affected Assets

bpg
terraform provider
≤ 0.93.1

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 13 hardening rules · 7 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V14.3.2
  • V6.3.2
  • V11.3.1
  • V13.2.3

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Enforces the intended directory access authorizations that path traversal would otherwise bypass.

Baseline configuration directly requires documenting and maintaining secure initial settings instead of insecure defaults.

Configuration settings mandate the most restrictive values be applied at initialization, eliminating reliance on insecure factory defaults.

Input validation directly neutralizes special path elements before pathname construction occurs.

Least privilege reduces the impact of any unauthorized file access obtained via traversal.

Security engineering principles include explicit requirements for secure defaults during resource initialization and design.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-01 full match
prevents

Hardened baselines and configuration management directly replace insecure defaults with secure settings.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure development practices include designing products with secure defaults rather than insecure ones.

ID.RA-09 partial match
prevents

Pre-acquisition integrity checks can reject products known to ship with insecure defaults.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching/maintenance can remediate known path-traversal flaws in deployed software (partial prevention of exploitability) but does nothing to stop the coding defect from being introduced in the first place.

PR.AA-05 none match
prevents

PR.AA-05 defines and reviews access policies but does not address code-level pathname neutralization, so neither direction prevents CWE-22.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development catches path traversal via static/dynamic analysis.

prevents

Mandating secure baseline templates and immediate replacement of vendor defaults directly stops systems from being deployed with insecure factory settings that attackers can exploit.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates input validation and path sanitization that directly prevent path traversal.

prevents

Application security requirements include rules for safe file handling and canonicalization.

prevents

Secure architecture principles require least-privilege file access and directory isolation.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly forbid unsafe path construction and mandate safe APIs.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 8 (1 rule)
  • V-248823 OL 8 must not have the telnet-server package installed. prevents CWE-1188
RHEL 7 (1 rule)
  • V-204627 SNMP community strings on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must be changed from the default. prevents CWE-1188
Ubuntu 22.04 (1 rule)
  • V-260529 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS must be configured so that remote X connections are disabled, unless to fulfill documented and validated mission requirements. prevents CWE-1188
Ubuntu 24.04 (1 rule)
  • V-270708 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS must be configured so that remote X connections are disabled, unless to fulfill documented and validated mission requirements. prevents CWE-1188
Windows Server 2016 (1 rule)
  • V-224972 Active Directory Group Policy objects must have proper access control permissions. prevents CWE-1188
Windows Server 2019 (1 rule)
  • V-205741 Windows Server 2019 Active Directory Group Policy objects must have proper access control permissions. prevents CWE-1188

References