CVE-2025-21413
Published: 14 January 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-21413 is a high-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1507. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203); ranked in the top 9.1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-16 (Memory Protection).
Threat & Defense at a Glance
Threat & Defense Details
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI
Timely flaw remediation through vendor patching directly eliminates the heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Windows Telephony Service.
Memory protection mechanisms like DEP and ASLR prevent arbitrary code execution from the heap buffer overflow exploitation in Windows Telephony Service.
Information input validation ensures telephony service inputs do not exceed buffer capacities, directly countering the CWE-122 heap overflow.
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
RCE vulnerability with network vector and required user interaction directly enables T1203 (Exploitation for Client Execution); arbitrary code execution facilitates T1059.003 (Windows Command Shell).
NVD Description
Windows Telephony Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Deeper analysisAI
CVE-2025-21413 is a Remote Code Execution vulnerability in the Windows Telephony Service. Published on 2025-01-14, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and is associated with CWE-122, indicating a heap-based buffer overflow.
An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the network with low complexity and no required privileges, though user interaction is necessary. Successful exploitation enables arbitrary code execution with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability within the affected system's scope.
Microsoft's update guide at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21413 provides details on patches and mitigation steps.
Details
- CWE(s)