CVE-2025-28411
Published: 07 April 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-28411 is a critical-severity Improper Access Control (CWE-284) vulnerability in Ruoyi Ruoyi. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 17.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-28411 is an improper access control vulnerability (CWE-284) in RuoYi version 4.8.0. The flaw resides in the editSave method at the /tool/gen/editSave endpoint and carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 9.8, reflecting network-accessible exploitation with no required credentials or user interaction.
An unauthenticated remote attacker can invoke the affected method to escalate privileges and obtain full control over the application, resulting in complete compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
Public references consist of a GitHub repository containing case details and the upstream RuoYi project, but no official advisory or patch information is supplied in the available data. The associated EPSS score remains low, moving only from 0.0167 to a peak of 0.0250.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-10360
Vulnerability details
An issue in RUoYi v.4.8.0 allows a remote attacker to escalate privileges via the editSave method in /tool/gen/editSave
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
The CVE enables remote privilege escalation through exploitation of the editSave method in the code generator tool, directly facilitating T1068: Exploitation for Privilege Escalation.
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
The access control policy and procedures directly mandate and enforce proper access control mechanisms across the organization.
Device lock enforces restricted access until re-authentication, directly reducing unauthorized use of active sessions.
Supervision and review of access control activities directly detects and remediates improper access configurations or usages.
Explicitly identifying and documenting actions permitted without identification or authentication enforces proper access control boundaries by defining justified exceptions.
By automatically labeling outputs with security attributes, the control supports attribute-based enforcement and reduces exploitability of improper access control weaknesses.
Associating and retaining security attributes with data directly supports enforcement of access control decisions across storage, processing, and transmission.
Requiring prior authorization for each remote access type prevents improper access control over remote connections.
Requiring authorization of wireless access before allowing connections enforces proper access control for this access method.