CVE-2025-28402
Published: 07 April 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-28402 is a critical-severity Improper Access Control (CWE-284) vulnerability in Ruoyi Ruoyi. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 17.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
Deeper analysis
RUoYi version 4.8.0 contains an improper access control flaw (CWE-284) that permits remote privilege escalation through manipulation of the jobId parameter. The vulnerability received a CVSS 3.1 score of 9.8, reflecting network attack vector, low complexity, and no required authentication or user interaction, with full impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
An unauthenticated attacker with network access can supply a crafted jobId value to elevate privileges and obtain administrative control over the affected instance. The issue affects the open-source RuoYi project hosted at yangzongzhuan/RuoYi.
Public references consist of a technical case file and the project repository, but no vendor advisory or patch information is included in the available sources. The associated EPSS score remains low, with a modest peak of 0.0250.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-10352
Vulnerability details
An issue in RUoYi v.4.8.0 allows a remote attacker to escalate privileges via the jobId parameter
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
The vulnerability in RUoYi v4.8.0 enables remote privilege escalation via the jobId parameter, directly facilitating Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068).
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
The access control policy and procedures directly mandate and enforce proper access control mechanisms across the organization.
Device lock enforces restricted access until re-authentication, directly reducing unauthorized use of active sessions.
Supervision and review of access control activities directly detects and remediates improper access configurations or usages.
Explicitly identifying and documenting actions permitted without identification or authentication enforces proper access control boundaries by defining justified exceptions.
By automatically labeling outputs with security attributes, the control supports attribute-based enforcement and reduces exploitability of improper access control weaknesses.
Associating and retaining security attributes with data directly supports enforcement of access control decisions across storage, processing, and transmission.
Requiring prior authorization for each remote access type prevents improper access control over remote connections.
Requiring authorization of wireless access before allowing connections enforces proper access control for this access method.