CVE-2025-28413
Published: 07 April 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-28413 is a critical-severity Improper Access Control (CWE-284) vulnerability in Ruoyi Ruoyi. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 17.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-28413 is an improper access control vulnerability in RuoYi version 4.8.0 that affects the SysDictTypeController component. The flaw carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 and is tracked under CWE-284.
A remote attacker can exploit the issue over the network without authentication or user interaction to escalate privileges and obtain full control over confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected system.
Public references consist of a GitHub repository containing case details and the upstream RuoYi project, but no official patch notes or mitigation guidance are included in the available sources. The associated EPSS score remains low, with only a modest increase between its current and peak values.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-10282
Vulnerability details
An issue in RUoYi v.4.8.0 allows a remote attacker to escalate privileges via the SysDictTypeController component
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
CVE-2025-28413 enables remote privilege escalation via exploitation of the SysDictTypeController in the public-facing RUoYi web application.
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
The access control policy and procedures directly mandate and enforce proper access control mechanisms across the organization.
Device lock enforces restricted access until re-authentication, directly reducing unauthorized use of active sessions.
Supervision and review of access control activities directly detects and remediates improper access configurations or usages.
Explicitly identifying and documenting actions permitted without identification or authentication enforces proper access control boundaries by defining justified exceptions.
By automatically labeling outputs with security attributes, the control supports attribute-based enforcement and reduces exploitability of improper access control weaknesses.
Associating and retaining security attributes with data directly supports enforcement of access control decisions across storage, processing, and transmission.
Requiring prior authorization for each remote access type prevents improper access control over remote connections.
Requiring authorization of wireless access before allowing connections enforces proper access control for this access method.