Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-53766

CriticalUpdated

Published: 12 August 2025

Published
12 August 2025
Modified
22 May 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0515 90.1th percentile
Risk Priority 23 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-53766 is a critical-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2008. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 9.9% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2025-53766 and assigned CWE-122, affects Windows GDI+. The flaw carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 9.8 and was published on 12 August 2025.

An unauthenticated attacker can exploit the issue remotely over a network without user interaction, achieving arbitrary code execution with full impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

The Microsoft Security Response Center advisory linked in the reference provides official guidance on patches and mitigation for the affected component.

EPSS remains flat at a peak and current value of 0.0515, indicating no material increase in observed exploitation interest after disclosure.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows GDI+ allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

Remote unauthenticated heap buffer overflow enabling arbitrary code execution directly maps to exploitation of public-facing or network-reachable applications.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-21368Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-60724Same product: Microsoft 365 Copilot
CVE-2026-20868Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-47981Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21273Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21369Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21250Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21339Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21407Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21282Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507

Affected Assets

microsoft
365 copilot
≤ 16.0.19127.20000
microsoft
office
≤ 16.0.14326.22618
microsoft
windows 10 1507
≤ 10.0.10240.21100 · ≤ 10.0.10240.21100
microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.8330 · ≤ 10.0.14393.8330
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.7678 · ≤ 10.0.17763.7678
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.6216
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.6216
microsoft
windows 11 22h2
≤ 10.0.22621.5768
microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.5768
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.4851
+7 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly remediates the heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Windows GDI+ by requiring timely identification, reporting, and correction via vendor patches.

prevent

Provides system-level memory protections such as ASLR and DEP to prevent successful exploitation of the heap buffer overflow for arbitrary code execution.

prevent

Validates information inputs to GDI+ components to block malformed data that triggers the remote heap-based buffer overflow.

References