Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-31217

CriticalRCE

Published: 12 May 2026

Published
12 May 2026
Modified
26 May 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0043 34.3th percentile
Risk Priority 70 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-31217 is a critical-severity Code Injection (CWE-94) vulnerability in Nebuly Optimate. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Python (T1059.006); ranked at the 34.3th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

The _load_model() function in the neural_magic_training.py script of the optimate project in commit a6d302f912b481c94370811af6b11402f51d377f (2024-07-21) allows arbitrary code execution. When a user supplies a directory path via the --model command-line argument, the function reads a module.py file from that directory…

more

and executes its contents directly using Python's exec() function. This design does not validate or sanitize the file's content, allowing an attacker who controls the input directory to execute arbitrary Python code in the context of the process running the script.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1059.006 Python Execution
Adversaries may abuse Python commands and scripts for execution.
Why these techniques?

Direct arbitrary Python code execution via unsanitized exec() on attacker-controlled module.py file supplied through CLI argument.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-69872Shared CWE-94
CVE-2026-22807Shared CWE-94
CVE-2025-53890Shared CWE-94
CVE-2026-39891Shared CWE-94
CVE-2026-31236Shared CWE-94
CVE-2024-57609Shared CWE-94
CVE-2026-7466Shared CWE-94
CVE-2026-31231Shared CWE-94
CVE-2025-62348Shared CWE-94
CVE-2026-25481Shared CWE-94

Affected Assets

nebuly
optimate
2024-07-21

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-94

Makes persistent code injection into loaded programs impossible when the executable image itself resides on hardware-protected read-only media.

addresses: CWE-94

Dynamically generated code can be produced and executed inside the isolated chamber, preventing host compromise from code-injection payloads.

addresses: CWE-94

Validates inputs used in dynamic code generation to block injected directives.

addresses: CWE-94

Directly prevents execution of attacker-supplied code written into data memory regions.

References